Battery
Chemistry
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- Nickel Cadmium NiCd - cell balancing, capacity test,
rejuvenation and
removal
of "charge memory"
- Nickel
Metal Hydride NiMH - cell balancing, capacity test,
rejuvenation and removal of "charge memory"
- Absorbent
glass mat (gel cell)
- cell balancing, capacity test and rejuvenation
- Lithium
Ion -
cell balancing, capacity
test and rejuvenation
Commonly Used Battery Chemistries
Fifty percent of all rechargeable batteries for portable equipment are
Nickel Cadmium (NiCd). With the need for higher energy density,
alternative chemistries have been developed. Although each alternative
offers advantages over NiCd, none provide a fully satisfactory solution
for all applications.
New battery chemistries are often evaluated in terms of energy density
alone. However, operational costs, load characteristics, self-discharge
and exercise requirements also need to be considered when selecting a
battery.
Available since 1950, NiCd has good load characteristics, is
economically priced, simple to use, and forgiving if abused. The main
applications are portable radios, video cameras, power tools and
biomedical instruments. NiCd has medium energy density and needs
monthly exercise to prevent memory (crystalline formation). With proper
care, NiCd can provide up to 1500 discharge-charge cycles. At an
estimated $ 0.04 per cycle, NiCd is by far the most economical
rechargeable battery available.
- Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH).
Introduced in the seventies but not commercially available until the
early nineties, NiMH offers 30% higher energy density and has fewer
toxic metals than standard NiCd but does not perform as well when a
high load current is required. In addition, the self-discharge of NiMH
is the highest among rechargeable batteries. NiMH provides up to 500
charge-discharge cycles at an estimated cost of $ 0.14 per cycle. NiMH
is replacing many applications that were served by NiCd.
The SLA is a gelled version of the flooded automotive battery and has
been around since the 1960s. This battery is commonly used where bulk
power is required, weight is not critical, and cost must be low.
Applications include wheel chairs, UPS units, emergency lighting, and
hospital equipment. SLA has a low energy density and must be kept
charged at all times. There is no memory effect, but SLA should be
toppingcharged every few months to maintain good charge acceptance.
Unlike NiCd, SLA cannot be fast-charged. The load characteristic is
moderate but self-discharge is low. The expected cycle count is between
200 and 300 at an estimated cost of 0.10 per cycle. Because of poor
weight-to-energy ratio and slow charge time, the SLA is not a preferred
choice for mobile communications.
Introduced in the mid-1990s, Li-ion has twice the energy density of
NiCd and the lowest self-discharge among rechargeable batteries. For
safety and longevity, each battery pack features a control circuit to
limit the voltage peak and voltage drop
during charge and discharge. Typical applications are notebook
computers, cell phones and video cameras. The charge time is 3 to 6
hours and the cycle count is about 500. The load characteristic is
better than that of NiMH and SLA but not as good as NiCd. The
operational cost is about $ 0.11 per cycle.
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Capacity
Test, Cell
Balancing, Cell Rejuvenation, Battery Analysis and Battery
Reconditioning Equipment
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We
use superior test,
evaluation and reconditioning equipment to achieve superior results.
This equipment is a very far advancement from just a simple charger.
Over the years we have tried many different types of equipment from
many different manufactures. We discovered that there is no one good
solution for all types of batteries or cells. We have discovered that
sometimes the best process involves using more than one piece of
equipment to get the best results.
We use the following equipment:
- Cadex 4000 series CD44-1 S# VAAA0242 programmable test, charge, discharge and
repeat w/label printer 4 port
- Cadex 4000 series CD44-1
S# VAAA0438 programmable test, charge,
discharge and repeat w/label
printer 4
port
- CD4000 series adapters
- Motorola Saber "R" only P#50067-02 10-06-060 41540
CC270C / S# 95080285, 95080286, 95080261, 95080284
- CD4000 series adapters -
Motorola Saber series (all except Saber "R") P#S298-04
4-1275 CC120C 10-06-072 / S# 92060893, 92201635, 92060878, 92060895
- Motorola Battery Optimizing
System
(BOS) P#WPLN4071AR w/option 09 S#VMAP00911 (same as Cadex 7000 series) programmable test,
charge,
discharge and repeat (Motorola Jedi, XTS,
MTX series)
- Motorola 6 Port dropin -
test, charge, discharge and charge
(Motorola Saber series, NiCd
and NiMH only) 6 port
- La Cross Technology BCX-900
programmable test, charge, discharge and repeat (AAA and AA only) 4 port
- Alexander Battery NG12000-4734A
(Motorola
Saber series NiCD only) 1 Port
- Maha MH-C777 Plus
Universal (most all
battery shapes and sizes) 1 port
- Vanson V-868 Class Two
(AAA and AA
only) 8 port
The Cadex and Motorola equipment has interchangable battery adapters
that allow the same equipment to be used with many different batteries.
These chargers are also programmable to maximize the battery
rejuvenation process.
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