Mission Critical Communications TM SM LLC
Data, Communications and Personal Security
www.mcc-llc.net
Aug 27



Battery and Cell Testing and Reconditioning


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Battery Chemistry
  • Nickel Cadmium  NiCd - cell balancing, capacity test, rejuvenation and removal of "charge memory"
  • Nickel Metal Hydride NiMH - cell balancing, capacity test, rejuvenation and removal of "charge memory"
  • Absorbent glass mat (gel cell) - cell balancing, capacity test and rejuvenation
  • Lithium Ion - cell balancing, capacity test and rejuvenation

Commonly Used Battery Chemistries
Fifty percent of all rechargeable batteries for portable equipment are Nickel Cadmium (NiCd). With the need for higher energy density, alternative chemistries have been developed. Although each alternative offers advantages over NiCd, none provide a fully satisfactory solution for all applications.
New battery chemistries are often evaluated in terms of energy density alone. However, operational costs, load characteristics, self-discharge and exercise requirements also need to be considered when selecting a battery.

  • Nickel Cadmium (NiCd).
Available since 1950, NiCd has good load characteristics, is economically priced, simple to use, and forgiving if abused. The main applications are portable radios, video cameras, power tools and biomedical instruments. NiCd has medium energy density and needs monthly exercise to prevent memory (crystalline formation). With proper care, NiCd can provide up to 1500 discharge-charge cycles. At an estimated $ 0.04 per cycle, NiCd is by far the most economical rechargeable battery available.

  • Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH).
Introduced in the seventies but not commercially available until the early nineties, NiMH offers 30% higher energy density and has fewer toxic metals than standard NiCd but does not perform as well when a high load current is required. In addition, the self-discharge of NiMH is the highest among rechargeable batteries. NiMH provides up to 500 charge-discharge cycles at an estimated cost of $ 0.14 per cycle. NiMH is replacing many applications that were served by NiCd.

  • Sealed Lead Acid (SLA).
The SLA is a gelled version of the flooded automotive battery and has been around since the 1960s. This battery is commonly used where bulk power is required, weight is not critical, and cost must be low. Applications include wheel chairs, UPS units, emergency lighting, and hospital equipment. SLA has a low energy density and must be kept charged at all times. There is no memory effect, but SLA should be toppingcharged every few months to maintain good charge acceptance. Unlike NiCd, SLA cannot be fast-charged. The load characteristic is moderate but self-discharge is low. The expected cycle count is between 200 and 300 at an estimated cost of 0.10 per cycle. Because of poor weight-to-energy ratio and slow charge time, the SLA is not a preferred choice for mobile communications.

  • Lithium Ion (Li-ion).
Introduced in the mid-1990s, Li-ion has twice the energy density of NiCd and the lowest self-discharge among rechargeable batteries. For safety and longevity, each battery pack features a control circuit to limit the voltage peak and voltage drop
during charge and discharge. Typical applications are notebook computers, cell phones and video cameras. The charge time is 3 to 6 hours and the cycle count is about 500. The load characteristic is better than that of NiMH and SLA but not as good as NiCd. The operational cost is about $ 0.11 per cycle.
Capacity Test, Cell Balancing, Cell Rejuvenation, Battery Analysis and Battery Reconditioning Equipment
We use superior test, evaluation and reconditioning equipment to achieve superior results. This equipment is a very far advancement from just a simple charger. Over the years we have tried many different types of equipment from many different manufactures. We discovered that there is no one good solution for all types of batteries or cells. We have discovered that sometimes the best process involves using more than one piece of equipment to get the best results.

We use the following equipment:

  • Cadex 4000 series CD44-1 S# VAAA0242 programmable test, charge, discharge and repeat w/label printer  4 port

  • Cadex 4000 series CD44-1 S# VAAA0438 programmable test, charge, discharge and repeat w/label printer   4 port

  • CD4000 series adapters - Motorola Saber "R" only P#50067-02  10-06-060  41540  CC270C / S# 95080285, 95080286, 95080261, 95080284

  • CD4000 series adapters - Motorola Saber series (all except Saber "R") P#S298-04  4-1275  CC120C  10-06-072  /  S# 92060893, 92201635, 92060878, 92060895

  • Motorola Battery Optimizing System (BOS) P#WPLN4071AR w/option 09 S#VMAP00911 (same as Cadex 7000 series) programmable test, charge, discharge and repeat (Motorola Jedi, XTS, MTX series)

  • Motorola 6 Port dropin - test, charge, discharge and charge (Motorola Saber series, NiCd and NiMH only) 6 port

  • La Cross Technology BCX-900 programmable test, charge, discharge and repeat (AAA and AA only) 4 port

  • Alexander Battery NG12000-4734A (Motorola Saber series NiCD only) 1 Port

  • Maha MH-C777 Plus Universal (most all battery shapes and sizes) 1 port

  • Vanson V-868 Class Two (AAA and AA only) 8 port



The Cadex and Motorola equipment has interchangable battery adapters that allow the same equipment to be used with many different batteries. These chargers are also programmable to maximize the battery rejuvenation process.


Testing Process

Reconditioning Process

Battery Information
Battery University - The best place to learn about cells and batteries.








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